The modern Russian-made electronic warfare systems were spotted at areas not under Ukrainian government control in the eastern part of the country, according to a report released by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s (OSCE).

In the report, announced 11 August by the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), said about that unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detected military vehicles that were identified as Russian electronic warfare systems and also an anti-UAV system.

The OSCE SMM gas spotted Leer-3 RB-341V, a 1L269 Krasukha-2, RB-109A Bylina electronic warfare systems, and Repellent-1 anti-UAV system near Chornukhyne (64km south-west of Luhansk) at a non-government-controlled area.

According to the OSCE SMM’s report, the modern Russian electronic warfare systems have seen for the first time at Ukraine, adding that during another flight over the same area the SMM’s UAV did not spot the same systems.

“On 2 August, during a flight over the same area, the UAV did not spot the same systems,” – said in the report.

The Leer-3 RB-341V complex is intended for the “monitoring of GSM communication networks, the determination of system identifiers of mobile stations and their locations, and the transmission of obtained data”.  The Leer-3  electronic warfare system is developed by the St. Petersburg LLC Special Technology Center.

The 1L269 Krasukha-2 is a Russian mobile, ground-based, electronic warfare system. This system is produced by the KRET corporation on different wheeled platforms. The Krasukha’s primary targets are airborne radio-electronics (such as UAVs) and airborne systems guided by radar.

The RB-109A Bylina also is produced by the KRET corporation and designed for automated C2 of EW systems at the brigade level.

Also, in response to media inquiries, the OSCE SMM has confirmed that its long-range UAV spotted convoys of trucks entering and exiting Ukraine in the middle of the night via a dirt track where there are no border crossing facilities.

According to the OSCE SMM, at 22:15 on 7 August, the UAV spotted a convoy of eight canvas-covered six-wheeled cargo trucks travelling east along a road near Chystiakove (non-government-controlled, 62km east of Donetsk). Near Manych, approximately 3.5km before reaching Ukraine’s border with the Russian Federation, the convoy turned east onto a dirt track that leads across the border. The UAV then spotted a second convoy travelling westwards from the border with the Russian Federation along the same dirt track.

In 2014, after Euromaidan protests and the fall of Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych, Russian soldiers without insignias took control of strategic positions and infrastructure within the Ukrainian territory of Crimea. Russia then annexed Crimea and demonstrations by pro-Russian groups in the Donbass area of Ukraine escalated into an armed conflict between the Ukrainian government and the Russia-backed separatist forces of the self-declared Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics.